G. Leonard Watkins, PhD

Assistant Clinical Professor

Sir John Cass College, University of London	B.Sc.	1967	Chemistry
University of Southern California	Ph.D.	1983	Pharmaceutical Chemistry
University of Michigan	Post-Doc	1986-9	PET Radiopharm Chem

Professional Experience

1965-74:	Research Chemist, Research Institute of May & Baker Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Dagenham, Essex, U.K.
1974-81:	Research Associate, Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Univ.of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
1981-85:	Associate Director, Prostaglandin Research Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
1986-89:	Senior Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
1989-Pres	Associate in Radiology & Chief of P.E.T. Radiochemistry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Iowa City, IA

Honors:

1958	Duke of Edinburgh's Gold Medal
1976	Full Member Sigma Xi
1982	Recipient, Univ. of Southern California Chapter of Sigma Xi Award for Outstanding Original Research

Address:

 

P.E.T. Imaging Center

Department of Radiology

University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics

0911-Z JPP

200 Hawkins Drive

Iowa City, IA 52242-1009

 

Phone: 319-356-4103

FAX: 319-353-6512

E-mail: len-watkins@uiowa.edu

Selected Publications

1. Watkins GL, Jewett DM, Mulholland GK, Kilbourn MR, Toorongian SA. A captive solvent method for rapid N-[11C]-methylation of secondary amides: Application to the benzodiazepine, 4'-chlorodiazepam. Appl Radiat Isot 1988;39: 441-444

2. Jewett DM, Toorongian SA, Mulholland GK, Watkins GL, Kilbourn MR. Multiphase extraction: Rapid phase-transfer of [18F]fluoride for nucelophilic radiolabeling reactions. Appl Radiat Isot 1988;39: 1109-1111

3. Haka MS, Kilbourn MR, Watkins GL, Toorongian SA. Aryltrimethylammonium trifluoromethanesulfonates as precursors to aryl [18F]fluorides: Improved synthesis of [18F]GBR-13119. J Labelled Compounds Radiopharm 1989;27: 823-833

4. Junck L, Olsen JMM, Ciliax BJ, Koeppe RA, Watkins GL, Jewett DM, McKeever PE, Wieland DM, Kilbourn MP, Starosta-Rubinstein S, Mancini WR, Kuhl DE, Greenberg HS, Young AB. PET imaging of human gliomas with ligands for the peripheral benzodiazepine binding site. Ann Neurol 1989;26: 752-758

5. Kahn D, Weiner GJ, Ben-Haim S, Boles Ponto LL, Madsen MT, Bushnell DL, Watkins GL, Argenyi EE, Hichwa RD. Positron emission tomographic measurement of bone marrow blood flow to the pelvis and lumbar vertebrae in young normal adults. Blood 1994;83: 958-963

6. Hurtig RR, Hichwa RD, O'Leary DS, Ponto LLB, Narayana S, Watkins GL. Andreasen NC. Effects of timing and duration of cognitive activation in [15O]water PET studies. J Cereb Blood Flow & Metabol 1994; 14: 423-430

7. Grabowski TJ, Damasio H, Frank R, Hichwa RD, Boles Ponto LL, Watkins GL. A new technique for PET slice orientation and MRI-PET coregistration. Human Brain Mapping 1995; 2:123-133

8. Grabowski TJ, Damasio H, Frank RJ, Brown CK, Boles Ponto LL, Watkins GL, Hichwa RD. Neuroanatomical analysis of functional brain images: Validation with retinotopic mapping. Human Brain Mapping 1995; 2: 134-148

9. Arndt S, Cizaldo T, Andreasen NC, Zeien G, Harris G, O'Leary DS, Watkins GL, Ponto LLB, Hichwa RD. A comparison of approaches to the statistical analysis of [15O]H2O PET cognitive activation studies. J Neuropsychiatry & Clin Neurosci 1995; 7: 155-168

10. Andreasen NC, O'Leary DS, Arndt S, Cizadlo T, Hurtig R, Rezai K, Watkins GL, Boles Ponto LL, Hichwa RD. Short-term and long-term verbal memory: A positron emission study. Proc Natl Acad Sci(USA) 1995; 92: 5111-5115

11. Argenyi EE, Boles Ponto LL, Hichwa RD, Watkins GL, Kirchner PT, Ryals TJ. Follow-up treatment of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation with acetazolamide and positron emission tomography. Clin Nucl Med 1995; 20: 639-641

12. Hichwa RD, Kadrmas D, Watkins GL, Wollenweber Sd, Maniam S, Boles Ponto LL, Richmond JCW, Koeppel JA. Vanadium-48: A renewable source for transmission scanning with PET. Nucl Instr & Meth Phys Res 1995; B99: 804-806

13. Argenyi EE, Dogan S, Urdaneta LF, Boles Ponto LL, Hichwa RD, Watkins GL. Detection of unsuspected metastasis in a melanoma patient with tomography. Clin Nucl Med 1995; 20:744-747

14. Andreasen NC, O'Leary DS, Arndt S, Cizadlo T, Rezai K, Watkins GL, Ponto LLB, Hichwa RD. I. PET studies of memory: Novel and practiced free recall of complex narratives. NeuroImage 1995; 2: 284-295

15. Andreasen NC, O'Leary DS, Cizadlo T, Arndt S, Rezai K, Watkins GL, Ponto LLB, Hichwa RD. II. PET studies of memory: Novel and practiced free recall of word lists. NeuroImage 1995; 2: 296-305

16. Andreasen NC, O'Leary DS, Cizadlo T, Arndt S, Rezai K, Watkins GL, Ponto LLB, Hichwa RD. Remembering the Past: Two facets of episodic memory explored with positron emission tomography. Amer J Psychiatry 1995; 11: 1576-1585

17. Narayana S, Hichwa RD, Boles Ponto LL, Ponto JA, Watkins GL. Dosimetry of [15O]water : A physiologic approach. Medical Physics 1995; 23: 159-168

18. Andreasen NC, O'Leary DS, Arndt S, Cizadlo T, Hurtig R, Rezai K, Watkins GL, Ponto LLB, Hichwa RD. Neural substrates of facial recognition. J Neuropsychiatry & Clin Neurosci 1996; 8: 139-146

19. O'Leary DS, Andreasen NC, Hurtig RR, Hichwa RD, Watkins GL, Boles Ponto LL, Rogers M, Kirchner PT. A positron emission tomography study of binaurally- and dichotically-presented stimuli: Effects of level of language and directed attention. Brain & Language 1996: 53: 20-39

20. O'Leary DS, Andreasen NC, Hurtig RR, Kesler ML, Rogers M, Arndt S, Cizadlo T, Watkins GL, Ponto LLB, Kirchner PT, Hichwa RD. Auditory attentional deficits in patients with schizophrenia: A positron emission tomography (PET) study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996; 53: 633-641

21. Grabowski TJ, Frank RJ, Brown CK, Damasio H, Boles Ponto LL, Watkins GL, Hichwa RD. Reliability of PET activation across statistical methods, subject groups, and sample sizes. Human Brain Mapping 1996; 4: 23-46

22. Andreasen NC, Arndt S, Cizadlo T, O'Leary DS, Watkins GL, Ponto LLB, Hichwa RD. Sample size and statictical power in [15O]H2O studies of human cognition. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 1996; 16: 804-816

23. Andreasen NC, O'Leary DS, Cizadlo T, Arndt S, Rezai K, Ponto LLB, Watkins GL, Hichwa RD. Schizophrenia and cognitive dysmetria: A positron Emission Tomography study of dysfunctional prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar circuitry. Proc Natl Acad Sci(USA) 1996; 93: 9985-9990

Book Chapters

1. Jewett DM, Mangner TJ, Watkins GL. Captive solvent methods for fast, simple carbon-11 radioalkylations: In: New Trends in Radiopharmaceutical Synthesis, Quality Assurance and Regulatory Control. Emran AM (ed.) Plenum Press, New York, 1991; pp 387-391

2. Damasio H, Grabowski TJ, Frank R, Knosp B, Hichwa RD, Watkins GL, Boles Ponto LL. PET-Brainvox, a technique for neuroanatomical analysis of positron emission tomography images. In: Quantification of Brain Function . Tracer Kinetics and Image Analysis in Brain PET K. Uemura et al. (eds) Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V., 1993; pp 465-473

3. Hichwa RD, Boles Ponto LL, Watkins GL. Clinical blood flow measurement with [15O]water and Positron Emission Tomography(PET): In: Chemist's Views of Imaging Centers Emran AM (ed.) Plenum Press, New York, 1994; pp 401-417

4. Hichwa RD, O'Leary DS, Boles Ponto LL, Arndt S, Cizadlo T, Hurtig RR, Watkins GL, Wollenweber SW, Andreasen NC. Counts vs Flow: When does it matter? In: Quantification of Brain Function using PET, Jones T, Cunningham V, Myers R, Bailey D (eds), Academic Press. 1995; pp 365-371

5. Arndt S, Cizadlo T, Andreasen NC, Zeien G, Harris G, O'Leary DS, Watkins GL, Boles Ponto LL, Hichwa RD. A comparison of approaches to the statistical analysis of cognitive activation studies using [15O]H2O with positron emission tomography. In: Quantification of Brain Function using PET, Jones T, Cunningham V, Myers R, Bailey D (eds), Academic Press. 1995; pp 389-392

6. Grabowski TJ, Frank RJ, Brown CK, Damasio H, Ponto LLB, Watkins GL, Hichwa RD. A comparison of four pixel-basd analyses for PET. In: Quantification of Brain Function using PET, Jones T, Cunningham V, Myers R, Bailey D (eds), Academic Press. 1996; pp 384-388